Gen. Benjamin Grierson. 10% deserted before the regiment reached Sioux City, Iowa, in Department of the Northwest, on May 28. Related to me five times, the closest being a 2nd cousin 3 x removed. During the Civil War, in both Northern and Southern prison camps, soldiers sometimes decided to "galvanize," or change sides, to save themselves from the horrors of prison life. by Dee Brown. L-R: Samuel Groah and Andrew Groah (Ancestry.com) On April 18, 1861, one day after Virginia voted to secede from the United States, the two Shenandoah Valley natives answered the call to arms. [13] In October 1865, the battalion returned to St. Louis to muster out November 27. Thornton, formerly a captain with the. Assigned to the District of Eastern Virginia, Department of Virginia and North Carolina, it moved to Norfolk, Virginia, where on orders of General Grant it was relegated to provost duty there, Portsmouth, Virginia, and Elizabeth City, North Carolina. The Galvanized Yankees por: Brown, Dee Publicado: (1985) The Galvanized Yankees. They moved by the steamboat Effie Deans and by forced march to Fort Rice, Dakota Territory, arriving there October 17 for garrison duty. The bulk of Companies C and D of the 5th U.S.V.I., which also included 69 former Confederate soldiers in their ranks, came from the troops captured at Egypt Station. The story is quite episodic, so dont expect a flowing, narrative tale. Number of Pages: 255. In August and September 1865 "galvanized" Companies E and K accompanied Connor's Powder River Expedition. Volunteers. We are committed to providing you with reliable and efficient service at . Elbert Sidney Dula Co. C, 60th NC Regiment, captured at Missionary Ridge, TN November, 1863. Many of the soldiers suffered from chronic diarrhea and scurvy by the end of their march. From the bestselling author of Bury My Heart at Wounded Knee, The Galvanized Yankees is "an accurate, interesting, and sometimes thrilling account of an unusual group of men [and] a fresh and informative study of the Old West in transition from frontier to stable society" (The New York Times Book Review). Word of what became known as the Sand Creek Massacre spread throughout the plains, causing deep resentment among the Cheyenne and Sioux, who retaliated by terrorizing the Oregon Trail and U.S. mail routes. Galvanized Yankees were Confederate soldiers imprisoned during the Civil Warwho won their freedom by swearing their allegiance to the Union and enlisting in the Union Army. Download or read book The Galvanized Yankees written by Dee Brown and published by Open Road Media. Several Northern states recruited POW's. [1] An additional 800 former Confederates served in volunteer regiments raised by the states, forming ten companies. Predates Bury My Heart at Wounded Knee by several years. Companies A, F, G, and I of the 1st U.S.V.I. 1980 2000 1961 1963". [29] The 3rd Maryland Cavalry was the only unit of "galvanized Yankees" in Federal service to actively campaign against Confederate forces. The last of the six regiments lasted a year longer, with the final Galvanized Yankee becoming a civilian on November 13, 1866. his journey started in feb 1862 when he enlisted in the 25th arkansas infantry in st charles,ar. in aug 1865 he deserted and went back to arkansas. Many saw enlistment in the enemy forces as an escape and took advantage of the personnel shortage in either army by joining it. He served on a number of staffs and was promoted to major in February 1865, then brevetted a brigadier general of volunteers for "meritorious service" in March. Follow us and keep up to date on events and the latest happening with the Galvanized Yankees. (O.R. Condition Used Edition First Edition Thus (1963); unstated. On December 28, 1864, at Egypt Station, Mississippi, a Confederate regiment composed of 250 galvanized soldiers threw down their arms and surrendered as Union troops charged them. Along with approximately 2,600 fellow . As most probably know, Galvanized Yankees were Confederates who, at different points after being put in POW camps, not only took the oath of allegiance, but also opted to enlist in the U.S. Army. Some units suffered high desertion rates. The recruits were required to take an oath of allegiance to the Confederacy, and were not issued arms or ammunition until the night before their first engagement. Among them was a contingent from the . It looks like you're offline. June 20 1863 deserted to the enemy. It was sent west for duty on the Indian frontier in February 1862 to resolve a political dispute after its commander refused to consolidate with the 6th Ohio Cavalry. National Park Service publication on Andersonville National Historic Site. [2] The general use of "galvanized Yankees" originated in a story in the Springfield Republican (Springfield, Massachusetts) on May 25, 1865, by Samuel Bowles, who wrote: Among the present limited number of troops on the Plain are two regiments of infantry, all from the rebel army. General Benjamin Butler's jurisdiction included Point Lookout, and he advised Stanton that more prisoners could be recruited for the Army than the Navy. The first commander after the transfer was 1st Lt. Cyrus L. Hutchins, Worcester, Massachusetts, of the 1st U.S.V.I. Galvanized buckets vs galvanized yankees I'm thinking it's the same word, but a different meaning. The 'Galvanized Yankees,' as they came to be known, went into Federal service on the condition that they would not be required to fight against the Confederacy. [32], Company C of the 4th Regiment Infantry, Delaware Volunteers is claimed to have been recruited in 1862 or 1863 from prisoners at Fort Delaware, but claims have not been substantiated through checks of muster rolls. Worst of all was the uninterrupted immigration of new settlers, which eventually forced the Sioux to give up nearly 900,000 acres of their reservation lands for 30 cents an acre. Yet this was no ordinary U.S. Army outfit. Doubts about the loyalty and reliability of these ex-Confederates were alleviated since frontier duty would prevent them from fighting their old comrades. Does anyone have information on these galvanized yankees ? The Galvanized Yankees. Despite this, a number of ethnic regiments quietly drew replacements from the ranks Confederate prisoners, although their recruiting targeted only recent immigrants from those regiments respective old countries. Kathy Weiser-Alexander/Legends of America, updated November 2021. Thank you. The National Park Service describes the origin of the expression "Galvanized Yankee" in a bulletin published in 1992 for visitors to the Gateway Arch National Park, which was then known as the Jefferson National Expansion Memorial: The term "galvanized" is most commonly associated with metal when it is coated with zinc to protect it from corrosion. Volunteers. From the bestselling author of Bury My Heart at Wounded Knee, The Galvanized Yankees is an accurate, interesting, and sometimes thrilling account of an unusual group of men [and] a fresh and informative study of the Old West in transition from frontier to stable society (The New York Times Book Review). Much appreciated. Also mentioned is the brief effort that the Confederates made to recruit from Union Soldiers held in POW camps in the South. The 10th Tennessee Regiment ("Sons of Erin") was organized at. [6], In January 1863, following issuance of the Emancipation Proclamation, the United States began to actively recruit black soldiers. by: Leckie, William H. Published: (1963) Crimsoned prairie; the wars between the United States and the Plains Indians during the winning . Following their capture on the battlefields of the Civil War, the prisoners had been offered a reprieve from the purgatory of their internment for a chance to serve the very enemy they had only just recently been fighting. This is an account of an extraordinary, though often overlooked, group of men who served in unexpected ways at a pivotal moment in the nations history. In August Gen. Patrick E. Connor ordered regimental headquarters and three companies to garrison Camp Douglas, Utah; and two companies west from Fort Rankin, Colorado, to replace the cavalry along the telegraph line west of Fort Laramie. I had never heard of the Galvanized Yankees before, so most of it was interesting reading. Confederate POWs who swore allegiance to the United States during the American Civil War, Federal regiments composed of "galvanized Yankees", Confederate forces composed of "galvanized Yankees", State volunteer regiments in Confederate service. Approximately 5,600 former Confederate soldiers enlisted in the "United States Volunteers", organized into six regiments of infantry between January 1864 and November 1866. Events in the Eastern Theater of the Civil War continually overshadowed events in the American West. They surrendered to Union forces in December 1864 and were held by the United States as deserters, but were saved from prosecution by being enlisted in the 5th and 6th U.S. Companies H, I, and K garrisoned Fort Lyon until October 1866, when Gen. William T. Sherman closed the post for deplorable living conditions. At first glance, the men from the regiment were indistinguishable from their fellow bluecoats. Well- written exploration of the mostly forgotten part of the American Civil War out West. Vol. Many details and excerpts from diaries, etc. The Galvanized Yankees is written by Dee Brown and published by Open Road Media. Worn-out clothing offered little protection from the elements, and the only shelter for the men was what they could improvise for themselves. GALVANIZED YANKEES ON THE UPPER MISSOURI: THE FACE OF LOYALTY. In 1864, Colonel John Chivington further inflamed the frontier by leading 700 volunteers in an early morning raid on an encampment of 550 Cheyenne and Arapaho at Sand Creek, Colorado. Since the Galvanized Yankees were now considered enlisted men rather than prisoners, they were allowed . Study the history of Federal POW camps during the War Between the States, and you'll have your answer. The term galvanized rebels or Yankees was coined by Samuel Bowles, a newspaper reporter, referring to galvanized metal, which turns colors when coated with zinc. The book is available on Amazon.com. The Galvanized Yankees were Federal prisoners who were allowed to enlist in the Federal army to be assigned to fight the Indians in the West rather than having to fight their former compatriots in the East. The regiment mustered out at Fort Leavenworth November 7, 1865. One thing these regiments had to deal with was Cheyenne reaction to the horrendous Sand Creek Massacre, and it's possible that Brown's research of that event inspired his later and more well known book. First published in hardcove Published 1963. Some in the North tried to enlist Confederate prisoners almost from the wars outset. They arrived at Fort Rice on October 17. Dee Brown, the author of Bury My Heart at Wounded Knee , tells what happened to a lost . At the same time the 3rd USVI was being recruited at Rock Island, the US Navy enlisted a substantial number of POWs from Rock Island and Camp Douglas. She accompanied the regiment up the Missouri River and shared the soldiers hardships on the march. Afterward, Galvanized soldiers were shunned in the South and neglected by the Grand Army of the Republic. While some galvanized units served with distinction, the program was only moderately successful. [16], The 3rd U.S.V.I. Unlike the galvanized Yankees who served almost entirely in the far-flung corners of the continent, the Confederates threw their POW recruits right into action against their former comrades. Vol. En route, four of Company E's recruits plotted to involve all Confederates in the company in a mutiny when it reached Julesburg, but were disarmed and arrested before the attempt could be made. Once in federal custody, a number of these former Union soldiers sought to rejoin their old regiments. [n 17] was recruited from prisoner camps at Camp Chase, Ohio (two companies); Camp Morton, Indiana (two companies); and Camp Douglas, Illinois (six companies), as a three-year regiment, and assembled on April 2, 1865, at Camp Fry near Chicago for outfitting and drill. For most of the Galvanized Yankees, there was little left in the South to return home to, though some went back to rebuild their homes and careers, while others decided to remain in the West, with the chance to start new lives on the American frontier. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. Historian Dee Brown uncovers an exciting episode in American history: During the Civil War, a group of Confederate soldiers opted to assist the Union Army rather than endure the grim conditions of POW camps. I published a book on galvanized Confederates in December, 2020, through the University of Tennessee Press that is titled Changing Sides Union Prisoners of War Who Joined the Confederate Army. However, Fort Rice was not a good assignment, and many died of disease or violence during the winter of 1865. Sidney Lewis Triplett Co. K, 53 NC Regiment. Unauthorized use and/or duplication of any material on this site without expressand written permission from the author and/or owner is strictly prohibited. Despite the mixed results of the scheme, the Confederates also attempted to draw volunteers from its own prisoner of war camps. The Galvanized Yankees: The little-known and awe-inspiring true story of a group of captured Confederate soldiers who chose to serve in the Union Army rather than endure the grim conditions of prisoner of war camps. Read this book by Dee Brown to find out more about the men who had to make this terrible decision, and the greater moral conundrums they faced when they swore oaths of allegiance and took up arms for their former captors. were posted to Camp Douglas; Company H, 5th U.S.V.I. Little is known about his experiences as a soldier, only that he was a member of Hoke's Brigade of the 54th North Carolina Regiment. William Tamblyn, and posted respectively at, Col. Andrew Patrick Caraher commanded the 2nd U.S. Volunteer Infantry. Volunteers on the frontier served as far west as Camp Douglas, Utah; as far south as Fort Union, New Mexico; and as far north as Fort Benton, Montana. The Premier Online Military History Magazine. traveled by ship to New York City,[n 7] and by train to Chicago, where it received further orders splitting the regiment. Companies saw periodic duty at Fort McPherson, Nebraska; Fort Collins, Colorado; and Fort John Buford, Wyoming. Hadnt heard about it until this weekend. (Brown 1863 p. 183). At the very least, it seemed to offer a better alternative to life in a POW camp. After suffering grievous casualties early in the war, the 1st Connecticut Cavalry drew replacements from Confederate prisoners being held in Delaware, which it scattered throughout its companies, as did the 3rd Pennsylvania Heavy Artillery and the 4th Delaware Infantry. Col. Carroll H. Potter had failed to complete West Point in 1857, was appointed an assistant adjutant general of volunteers with the rank of captain in October 1861. Though he befriended Two Bears of the Yanktonai Sioux, he made the mistake of considering Two Bears enemies to be his own. In return for fighting for their former captives in campaigns against the Indians and Mormons, the "Galvanized Yankees" did not have to fight against the Confederacy. In the early days of the war, prison camps were merely holding areas where men waited to be exchanged for equal numbers of prisoners held by the other side. Three true tales of Civil War combat, as recounted by a #1 New York Times-bestselling author of Bury My Heart at Wounded Knee. [32][33], The 11th Regiment Cavalry, Ohio Volunteers was originally raised as four companies of the 7th Ohio Cavalry in October 1861. New Rollbacks & more drop Oct. 10-13. Galvanized Yankees was a term from the American Civil War denoting former Confederate prisoners of war who swore allegiance to the United States and joined the Union Army.Approximately 5,600 former Confederate soldiers enlisted in the "United States Volunteers", organized into six regiments of infantry between January 1864 and November 1866. [n 10] Their muster out in July 1865 was canceled and in October, they were ordered to build and garrison Fort Fletcher, Kansas, and man two outposts at Monument Station and Ponds Creek Station, also in Kansas, to protect the new Butterfield Overland Despatch stagecoach route. [2] At least 1,600 former Union prisoners of war enlisted in Confederate service in late 1864 and early 1865, most of them recent German or Irish immigrants who had been drafted into Union regiments. Members of the regiment were present as guards at the signing of the Little Arkansas Treaty. We have dispatched from our book depository; items of good condition to over ten million satisfied customers worldwide. This book is about Confederate POWs during the ACW, LOL, who volunteer for frontier duty chasing Indians, Mormons, and the mail in exchange for not dying in a Union prison camp. Excerpted from The Museum Gazette, Jefferson National Expansion Memorial, National Park Service. [n 24] In July and August 1864, Capt. later he was assigned to the 1st arkansas light artillery. The experiment of enlisting prisoners became a concern for the U.S. War Department, and policies surrounding this practice continually changed. The unit was folded into the U.S. Armys Eighth Corp and sent to Louisiana where it would eventually take part in the Red River campaign and the Union assault on Fort Morgan and the capture of Mobile, Alabama. Paperback. [21] Companies C and D, consisting mostly of former Union soldiers who had been captured after enlisting in the Confederate 10th Tennessee, escorted the Sawyers expedition to build a road to Montana and garrisoned Fort Reno for nearly a year. Galvanized Yankees - Meet the Confederate POWs who joined the Union Army - MilitaryHistoryNow.com 12 August, 2013 The Battle of Platte Bridge of 1865 saw a U.S. Army regiment made up of Confederate POWs fight off a vastly superior force of native warriors. A fantastic account for those interested in the Western Frontier during and immediately after the American Civil War. [27][28], The service of the 3rd Regiment Cavalry, Maryland Volunteers began on August 8, 1864, with the raising of three companies at Baltimore. Assigned to Co. F, 3rd Regiment US Volunteers and sent to Julesburg, CO. 1870 living in Paris, Tx. I also came across the Galvanized Yankees while researching my Southern family history. It was also the only unit to travel to New Mexico. Yet by the beginning of 1864, with the war dragging on, manpower reserves dwindling and native uprisings breaking out all along the frontier, the War Department in Washington found itself compelled to offer bluecoats and muskets to rebel detainees. The expression "galvanized Yankees" sprang up as a term of deprecation among Confederate prisoners for those who chose to enlist. My book will present a more comprehensive view of the topic. Michele Tucker Butts is an associate professor of history at Austin Peay State University, where she teaches the history of the American West and Native American history. XLI, p. 997) Straut had enlisted as a sergeant in Company D in October 1861, became first sergeant of Company I in November 1863, reenlisted in December, became 2nd lieutenant of Company I in January 1864, then 1st Lt of Company G in March. Conditions were hard over the winter, and fully 11% of the command died of illness, primarily scurvy. The regiment remained in garrison at Camp Schenck in Baltimore, seeking to raise more troops, assigned to the Cavalry Reserve of the Eighth Corps until officially organized on January 9, 1864. About 200 agreed before top Union commanders ordered a halt to the practice. They made the journey from New York with surprisingly few desertions, surviving on salt pork, hardtack, coffee, and whatever water they could find. he received a regular commission as a 1st lieutenant in the 18th Infantry. By 1866, the last of the USVI regiments were disbanded and its soldiers discharged. Byways & Historic Trails Great Drives in America, Soldiers and Officers in American History, Washington-on-the-Brazos, Texas Declaring Independence, Stanley, Ks Extinct but Still Here (LOK), Black Bob Reservation in Johnson County (LOK), Make History Come Alive With These Online Tools and Resources. It is also a fresh and informative study of the Old West in transition from frontier to stable society." The New York Times Book Review About the Author Hundreds accepted the offer. In the early days of the war, prison camps were merely holding areas where men waited to be exchanged for equal numbers of prisoners held by the other side. Released October 17, 1864 after taking the Oath of allegiance and joining US Army. The acclaimed historian of the American West turns The battery moved to Fortress Monroe to train, where some members were induced to join the newly created 188th Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry. 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